2025年1月20日,川普第二次入主白宫第一天,签署行政令“Executive Order:Protecting The Meaning and Value of American Citizenship”意在取消非绿卡父母美国出生孩子的公民权,简称“出生公民权”。行政令拟定30天后生效。
1、本次行政令重点内容
本次行政令取消出生公民权的重点内容原文及翻译:“Among the categories of individuals born in the United States and not subject to the jurisdiction thereof, the privilege of United States citizenship does not automatically extend to persons born in the United States: (1) when that person’s mother was unlawfully present in the United States and the father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person’s birth, or (2) when that person’s mother’s presence in the United States at the time of said person’s birth was lawful but temporary (such as, but not limited to, visiting the United States under the auspices of the Visa Waiver Program or visiting on a student, work, or tourist visa) and the father was not a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident at the time of said person’s birth.”
美国的出生公民权又称为落地公民权,于1968年作为第14修正案被写入了美国的宪法,当时主要是为了在内战后保护美国黑奴的平等权益。“[a]ll persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.”
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